Alineación frontal en la artroplastia total de rodilla. Estudio comparativo entre medición radiográfica y con navegación quirúrgica / Frontal alignment in total knee arthroplasty. Comparative study between radiographic measurement and surgical navigation

Objetivo. Conocer la concordancia entre el ángulo del eje mecánico femorotibial medido en radiografías y en navegación quirúrgica, tanto en el pre como en el postoperatorio al implantar una artroplastia total de rodilla. Material y método. Se analizaron las mediciones pre y postoperatorias en 88 artroplastias totales del mismo modelo y realizadas todas con el mismo sistema de navegación quirúrgica. Se valoró el ángulo frontal mecánico (AMFFT) y anatómico femorotibial pre y posquirúrgico. Para ello se utilizó una telerradiografía en bipedestación, donde se midió el ángulo mediante técnicas digitalizadas. En la navegación se recogió el ángulo femorotibial en reposo y en varo-valgo forzado, hallándose la media de estos 3 valores. Resultados. La media del AMFFT preoperatorio medido en la radiografía fue 4,55°. La media del mismo ángulo medido en la radiografía postoperatoria fue de 1,72°, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La media del AMFFT medido con la navegación antes de iniciar la técnica quirúrgica fue de 3,12° y tras el implante con navegación fue de 0,53°, también con diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0,013). El coeficiente de concordancia entre el AMFFT preoperatorio en telerradiografía y en navegación fue de 0,869 (p<0,001) y en el postoperatorio de 0,709 (p=0,017). Conclusiones. Hemos encontrado una fuerte concordancia en el AMFFT entre la medición con radiografías y con navegación quirúrgica. Ello puede suponer que no es necesaria la realización de una telerradiografía cuando se utiliza navegación en el implante de una artroplastia total de rodilla (AU)

Objective. To establish the concordance between angulation of the femoro-tibial mechanical axis measured with x-rays and surgical navigation in both the pre and postoperative period after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was implanted. Material and method. Pre and postoperative measurements were analyzed in 88 TKA of the same model and all performed with the same surgical navigation system. The mechanical frontal angle (MFA) and femoro-tibial anatomic angle were measured before and after the TKA. The angulation was digitally measured with a teleradiography. In the navigation, the femoro-tibial angle at rest, forced varus and valgus were registered and the average of these three measurements was calculated. Results. The mean preoperative MFA measured on the radiograph was 4.55°. The mean of the same angle measured on the postoperative radiograph was 1.72°, (p=0.05). The mean of the MFA measured with navigation before TKA was 3.12° and after the implant with navigation was 0.53 (P=.013). The concordance coefficient between the MFA in teleradiography and in navigation was 0.869 (P<.001) preoperatively and 0.709 postoperatively (P=.017). Conclusions. We found a strong concordance between radiographic and surgical navigation measurements of the MFA. This may imply that teleradiography is not necessary when using surgical navigation in TKA (AU)

Antioxidant and genotoxic properties of Maytenus dasyclada: a comparative study in relation to Maytenus reference species / Propriedades antioxidantes e genotóxicas de Maytenus dasyclada: um estudo comparativo em relação às espécies de referência de Maytenus

In these work the in vitro antioxidant activity and the in vivo genotoxicity of M. dasyclada was compared to the reference species M. aquifolium and M. ilicifolia. M. dasyclada showed in vitro antioxidant activity comparable to M. aquifolium but lower than M. ilicifolia, being that a inverse Pearson correlation between DPPH IC50 values and total phenolic content was detected (–0.932). The carbonyl content of M. dasyclada and M. aquifolium extracts promoted a similar increase in protein oxidation in vivo, while M. ilicifolia no altered the carbonyl levels. The comet assay demonstrated that the three analyzed species promoted a low and similar level of genotoxicity; which is compatible with DNA damage induced by other medicinal plants and is partially recovered by a co-treatment with vitamin C. The data showed M. dasyclada as antioxidant activity in vitro, and that its genotoxic and pro-oxidant effects in vivo are comparable to the Maytenus reference species.

No presente trabalho a atividade antioxidante in vitro e a genotoxicidade in vivo de M. dasyclada foi comparada com as espécies de referência M.aquifolium e M. ilicifolia. M. dasyclada mostrou atividade antioxidante in vitro comparável a de M. aquifolium mas inferior a M. ilicifolia, sendo que foi detectada uma correlação de Pearson inversa entre os valores de IC50 por DPPH e o conteúdo fenólico total (–0,932). Em relação ao teor de carbonila, os extratos de M. dasyclada e M. aquifolium promoveram um aumento semelhante na oxidação das proteínas in vivo, ao passo que Maytenus ilicifolia não alterou os níveis de carbonila. O ensaio do cometa demonstrou que as três espécies analisadas promoveram um nível baixo e semelhante de genotoxicidade, o que é compatível com os danos no DNA induzidos por outras plantas medicinais e é parcialmente recuperada por um co-tratamento com a vitamina C. Os dados mostraram M. dasyclada com atividade antioxidante in vitro, e que os seus efeitos genotóxicos e pró-oxidantes in vivo são comparáveis às espécies de referência de Maytenus.

Insecticidal and repellent activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fujita (Ho-Sho) and Cinnamomum camphora (L. ) J Presl. var. hosyo (Hon-Sho) on Sitophilus zeamaisMots. (Coleoptera, Curculionedae) / Atividade inseticida e repelente do óleo essencial de Cinnamomum camphora var. linalooliferaY. Fujita (Ho-Sho) e Cinnamomum camphora (L. ) J Presl. var. hosyo (Hon-Sho) sobre Sitophilus zeamais Mots. (Coleoptera, Curculionedae).

ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal and repellency activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fujita (Ho-Sho) and Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J Presl.var. hosyo (Hon-Sho), against the Sitophilus zeamais in maize grains. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS.The insecticidal activity was determined by the toxicity of different concentrations of essential oils during 24 hours of contact with the insects, in the absence of feed substrate. The Bioassays of repellency were conducted with lethal doses (LD50,LD25,and LD12.5) obtained from insecticidal bioassay. In order to compare the treatments the preference index (PI) was employed. The analysis of the essential oils of Cinnamomum camphora leaves indicated 68% of camphor and 9% of linalool for the variation Hon-Sho and 95% of linalool to the variation Ho-Sho. The variation Ho-Sho presented greatest insecticidal activity than the variation Hon-Sho against the Sitophilus zeamais, with LD50 of 0.35 µL/cm2, whereas in the variation Hon-Sho the ratewas 0.48 µL/cm2. However, considering only the concentrations of linalool and camphor of Ho-Sho and Hon-Sho, the lethal doses' evaluation of these compounds were similar. The values of the preference index ranged from -0.3 to -0.8 for thevariation Ho-Sho and -0.2 to -0.7 for the variation Hon-Sho. The essential oils evaluated in this work showed repellent activity against Sitophiluszeamais in vitro and in trials performed in mini-silos

RESUMO: Atividade inseticida e repelente do óleo essencial de Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fujita (Ho-Sho) e Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J Presl. var. hosyo (Hon-Sho) sobre Sitophilus zeamais Mots. (Coleoptera, Curculionedae). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade inseticida e de repelência dos óleos essenciais de Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fujita (Ho-Sho) e Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J Presl. var. hosyo (Hon-Sho) contra Sitophilus zeamais em grãos de milho. Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestilação e analisados por CG-EM. A atividade inseticida foi determinada pela toxicidade de diferentes concentrações dos óleos essenciais durante 24 horas de contato com os insetos, na ausência de substrato alimentar. Os bioensaios de repelência foram realizados com as doses letais (DL50, DL25, e DL12,5) obtidas do bioensaio inseticida. Para comparar os tratamentos foi utilizado o índice de preferência (PI). A análise de óleos essenciais de folhas de Cinnamomum camphora indicou a presença de 68% de cânfora e 9% de linalol na var. Hon-Sho e de 95% de linalol na var. Ho-Sho. A var. Ho-Sho apresentou maior toxicidade que var. Hon-Sho contra Sitophilus zeamais, com DL50 de 0,35 µL/cm2,enquanto que na var. Hon-Sho foi de 0,48 µL/cm2. No entanto, considerando apenas as concentrações de linalol e cânfora de Ho-Sho e Hon-Sho, a avaliação das doses letais destes compostos foram semelhantes. Os valores do índice de preferência variaram de -0,3 a -0,8 para a var. Ho-Sho e -0,2 para -0,7 para a var. Hon-Sho. Os óleos essenciais avaliados neste trabalho apresentaram atividade repelente contra Sitophilus zeamais in vitro e em experimentos realizados em mini-silos

Ottawa ankle rules and subjective surgeon perception to evaluate radiograph necessity following foot and ankle sprain.

BACKGROUND: Foot and ankle injuries are frequent in emergency departments. Although only a few patients with foot and ankle sprain present fractures and the fracture patterns are almost always simple, lack of fracture diagnosis can lead to poor functional outcomes. AIM: The present study aims to evaluate the reliability of the Ottawa ankle rules and the orthopedic surgeon subjective perception to assess foot and ankle fractures after sprains. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2012 to December 2012. Ethical approval was granted. Two hundred seventy-four adult patients admitted to the emergency department with foot and/or ankle sprain were evaluated by an orthopedic surgeon who completed a questionnaire prior to radiographic assessment. The Ottawa ankle rules and subjective perception of foot and/or ankle fractures were evaluated on the questionnaire. RESULTS: Thirteen percent (36/274) patients presented fracture. Orthopedic surgeon subjective analysis showed 55.6% sensitivity, 90.1% specificity, 46.5% positive predictive value and 92.9% negative predictive value. The general orthopedic surgeon opinion accuracy was 85.4%. The Ottawa ankle rules presented 97.2% sensitivity, 7.8% specificity, 13.9% positive predictive value, 95% negative predictive value and 19.9% accuracy respectively. Weight-bearing inability was the Ottawa ankle rule item that presented the highest reliability, 69.4% sensitivity, 61.6% specificity, 63.1% accuracy, 21.9% positive predictive value and 93% negative predictive value respectively. CONCLUSION: The Ottawa ankle rules showed high reliability for deciding when to take radiographs in foot and/or ankle sprains. Weight-bearing inability was the most important isolated item to predict fracture presence. Orthopedic surgeon subjective analysis to predict fracture possibility showed a high specificity rate, representing a confident method to exclude unnecessary radiographic exams.

Acute effects of movement velocity on blood lactate and growth hormone responses after eccentric bench press exercise in resistance-trained men.

This study aimed to compare the effects of different velocities of eccentric muscle actions on acute blood lactate and serum growth hormone (GH) concentrations following free weight bench press exercises performed by resistance-trained men. Sixteen healthy men were divided into two groups: slow eccentric velocity (SEV; n = 8) and fast eccentric velocity (FEV; n = 8). Both groups performed four sets of eight eccentric repetitions at an intensity of 70% of their one repetition maximum eccentric (1RMecc) test, with 2-minute rest intervals between sets. The eccentric velocity was controlled to 3 seconds per range of motion for SEV and 0.5 seconds for the FEV group. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) in the kinetics of blood lactate removal (at 3, 6, 9, 15, and 20 min) and higher mean values for peak blood lactate (P = 0.001) for the SEV group (9.1 ± 0.5 mM) compared to the FEV group (6.1 ± 0.4 mM). Additionally, serum GH concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.001) at 15 minutes after bench press exercise in the SEV group (1.7 ± 0.6 ng · mL(-1)) relative to the FEV group (0.1 ± 0.0 ng · mL(-1)). In conclusion, the velocity of eccentric muscle action influences acute responses following bench press exercises performed by resistance-trained men using a slow velocity resulting in a greater metabolic stress and hormone response.

Quality of broiler meat of the free-range type submitted to diets containing alternative feedstuffs / Qualidade da carne de frangos de corte do tipo caipira submetidos a dietas contendo alimentos alternativos

The work had the intention of investigating the effect of the use of alternative feeds as part replacers in diet-formulating, evaluating the characteristic physicochemical alterations and centesimal composition of the free-range chicken. In the experiment a total of 192 (one hundred and ninety-two) birds of the Pescoço Pelado (Label Rouge) strain arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) formed by 4 treatments (Treatment 1 (Control), Treatment 2 (10% of the inclusion of rice bran), Treatment 3 (10% of the inclusion of ground cassava leaf) and Treatment 4 (10% of the inclusion of ground leucaena hay) with 8 replicates per treatment were used. The results revealed greater values of b* (yellow), Saturation (C*) and pH for broiler meat with inclusion of ground cassava leaf and leucaena, while for the other variables of physicochemical composition, no influences of the treatments were not found. For centesimal composition the treatments showed greater values of moisture in relation to the control treatment. For sex, only a difference for the content of b* and C* was found, with higher values for female. The use of the alternative feedstuffs has not revealed marked influences on the chemical composition and quality parameters of free-ranging chicken’s meat with the use of replacement up to 10% in the diets.

O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o efeito do uso alimentos alternativos como substitutos parciais na formulação das rações, avaliando as alterações características físico-químicas e de composição centesimal de frango caipira. No experimento foi utilizado um total de 192 (cento e noventa e duas) aves da linhagem Pescoço Pelado (Label Rouge), sendo organizado através de um Delineamento Inteiramente ao acaso (DIC) formado por 4 tratamentos (Tratamento1 (Controle), Tratamento 2 (10% de inclusão de Farelo de Arroz), Tratamento 3 (10% de inclusão da Folha da Mandioca Triturada) e Tratamento 4 (10% da inclusão de Feno de Leucena Triturado) com 8 repetições por tratamento. Os resultados revelaram maiores valores de b* (amarelo), Índice de Saturação (C*) e pH para carne de frango com inclusão da Folha de Mandioca e Leucena triturada, enquanto as demais variáveis de composição físico-química não foram verificado influência dos tratamentos. Para composição centesimal os tratamentos apresentaram maiores valores de umidade em relação ao tratamento controle. Para sexo, somente foi verificada diferença para o teor de b* e C*, com maiores valores para fêmea. O uso dos ingredientes alternativos não revelaram influências marcantes sobre a composição química e parâmetros de qualidade das carnes de frango caipira com o uso de substituição até 10% nas rações.